Ground Frost, 2 weeks after "last frost" date

This was a shocker. May 29th we had frost that destroyed tender shoots that were 12 inches or below in the lower 2/3rds of the vineyard. Everything above that height was completely unaffected. Most of our vines are tall enough to have dodged this frost.

Simultaneously I am getting fantastic growth speeds inside the greenhouses. So, my new mantra is to grow cuttings in the greenhouse until the fall, when they should be large enough to withstand the ravages of winter. The height and girth of a vine is incredibly important.